Class Notes 4 You

Intro- Indian not only shares the longest land border with Bangladesh but also shares common history, language, religion, culture. Infact the relationship between India and Bangladesh has been described as “Fraternal Friendship.” Bangladesh is at the intersection of India’s Act East and neighbourhood first policy-Modi. issues: Many Naga insurgents and Pak backed Terrorists find refuge in Bangladesh. Though Sheikh Hasina’s govt has cooperated with India in locating them and handing over to India, these gains are reversed when the govt of Khalida Zia comes and cooperation between Bangladesh and Pakistan increases. Since Bangladesh is surrounded by India on three sides geography has become the root of the problem- water and land issues. NRC issue has caused sharp reactions from civil society and administration in Bangladesh. China factor- Bangladesh has procured max defence systems from china. China has also given $24B LOC (three times that of India) It is said Ban...

Intro: Marxist theory of international politics refers to the understanding of economic policies of the state and their consequences in international sphere. Hence Marxist theories are theories of political economy. Though Marx was not concerned with IR per se but his concepts on capitalism and proletariat internationalism transcended national differences . His vision of a potential link between the bulk of humanity as a global proletariat is where, and how, Marxism enters IR Marxist scholars have tried to understand the working of capitalism in international context It argues that the construction of modern borders is determined by, or linked in various ways to, the development of capitalism. Instrumentalists Also known as dependency school They have analysed the impact of capitalism with respect to the existence of poverty in the countries of the South Core concepts of this school Concept of core and periphery Unequal exchange Uneven development Development of under development ( AG ...

Intro: Afghanistan has always been a theater of geopolitical contestation and great power politics, be it in the 19th century as great game between Russia and Britain, in 20th century between USSR and USA, or in 21st century as USA waged a “war on terror” since 2001 Robert D Kaplan in his book revenge of geography calls Afghanistan as “breathtakingly strategic.” India- Afghanistan: India and Afghanistan have A strong relationship based on historical and cultural links. Strategic partnership agreement was signed in 2011. the basic tenets of India's policy and approach towards Afghanistan remains centered around creation of a democratic , stable and strong Afghanistan in its background. India has always remained committed to reconstruction and development of Afghanistan right from Bonn conference of 2001. India's approach towards Afghanistan has largely been a function of desire to prevent Pakistan from Dominating Afghanistan and using it as a counter weight to India's prepon...

Intro: J N Dixit: Foreign policy of a country is a statement of what it stands for and the role that it takes upon itself and projects to the world. Cabinet Main drafter on Indian foreign policy particularly the Cabinet committee on security Initially Nehru unilaterally formulated India’s foreign policy rather than actually involving the Cabinet Due to coalition politics use of cabinet members especially of coalition partners has become crucial Cabinet integrates issues such as trade and commerce, security into a coherent foreign policy strategy Parliament Can keep checking vote of no confidence Through Parliamentary committee on external affairs After Beru Bari union case Supreme Court said that India needs to pass Constitutional amendment if India gives away any territory—> 100th  AA related to exchange of conclaves Crucial treaties and international agreements need Parliamentary approval. For example Indo US nuclear deal The grants given by MEA to different nations via budget...

Current Affairs  Important Newspaper Highlights for UPSC Civil Services Examination.   28 July 2022 The HINDU   🟠 (Page 1) SC upholds powers of arrest, raid under MLA . 🟢 (Page 1) Replacement level Fertility achieved . 🟠 (Page 6) The message for Biden - West Asia has moved on. 🟢 (Page 6) Death by hooch . 🟠 (Page 7) A future of hepatitis. 🟢 (Page 12) Thousands of village set to get 4G coverage. 🟠 (Page 12) ICMR invites bid to develop vaccine for monkeyvirus. 🟢 (Page 14) Power generation capacity to hit 820GW.  The Indian EXPRESS 🟠 (Page 5): Supreme Court upholds PMLA, says presuming innocence can be reversed by law.  🟢 (Page 5): Forces in India, US seek to sow division: USAID administrator 🟠  (Page 5): Govt job rush: in 8 years, 22 crore applied, only 7.22 lakh were selected  🟢 (Page 7): Stubble season approaching, Kejriwal pitches cash incentives for farmers 🟠 (Page 12): Over 35.5% kids stunted, govt releases target to curb malnutrition...

Intro: The changing world order is in a state of flux. With American hegemony on the decline and the middle kingdom’s ambitions on the rise, in the words of Robert D Kaplan - A new cold war has begun ranging from semi conductors to submarines and from blockbusters to lunar explorations. scholars’ take: Mearsheimer blames the liberals in USA for their delusions . Liberals like clinton worked on the idea that economic engaement will ensure peaceful rise of china. They were working on the logic of political modernisation. That is as it modernises it will eventually move towards democracy. Mearsheimer in his book: The tragedy of great power politics had predicted that the rise of china will not be peaceful. Beacuse as per his theory of offensive realism- chinese aim is not to maximise its security(as per waltz’s defensive realism) but to establish its hegemony overthrowing USA. China was only hiding its capability and biding time. Because of huge geographical distance between USA and C...