Class Notes 4 You

Manx considered Capitalism as thereat to Humanism. He felt that Capitalist class is exploitative and gave a call- "WORKERS OF THE WORLD UNITE, You HAVE NOTHING TO LOSE BUT CHAINS" In his theory of revolution, he gave concept of Socialism as transition phase where Dictatorship of Proletarian is established. This would later form a classless stateless society i.e., Communism.  This inspired socialism which turned to be leaders started a meta ideology. Its leaders started movement against capitalist class to remove them from power in Europe and Asia.  The capitalism was threatened and the movement affected Profit and security of bourgeoisie.  The capitalist state backed the bourgeoisie class. It showed democratic features which attracted masses towards them. This largely happened in context of RIGHTS.  A liberal democratic order was promoted by capitalist class. This changed socio-political scenario as follows:  The State backed Right to speech, dissent, freedom ...

Young Marx had concept of ALIENATION. Marx believed that Capitalist is an "instrument of bourgeoisie" and is unable to favour worker. Since economic condition of workers become poor, they lose Human essence and become alienated. Human essence, as per Marx, lies in WORKING. Work is for own welfare, earning livelihood (existence) and showing creativity and innovation, But in capitalist society, man becomes cog in the wheel. He loses individual initiatives and thus Human essence. Marx connects this loss of essence to Alienation which occurs at different levels.Man becomes Alienated from his labour as capitalism demands working for Market and not for self. Then working continuously for-profit motive creates gap not only between Labour class among each other’s but also, bourgeois class. Finally, the man is unable to use his creativity which makes life monotonous. This cause Alienation from self. Marx tries to awaken the worker class by saying that "Idea is false consciousness...

Marx Intro: Karl Marx is best known not as a philosopher but as a revolutionary, whose works inspired the foundation of many communist regimes in the twentieth century. Inspired by- Hegel Ricardo Louis blanc Laws of dialectics. Gave dialectical idealism- ideas are the moving force behind historical processes. History moves in the from of dialectics of ideas to reach a stage of absolute idea in which all contradictions are resolved. Hegel developed three laws of dialectics: Unity of opposites- for every idea their is counter idea and they both exist together Negation of negation: the lower truth will be negated and higher truth will be left. Quantity changes into quality  Marx criticised Hegel: he is standing on his head. Labour theory of value by Ricardo that says  value  of a good is proportional to how much labor was required to produce it. talked about bringing socialism through revolutionary means His ideas- He criticised Adam smith due to his laissez faire theory in ...