Class Notes 4 You

Intro: Ikenberry’s definition of world order. context: the world order has always been in a state of flux. from Pax Britannica to Pax Americana to now moving towards a Pax Sinica world order As per polarity of power thesis, world order has changed from bipolarity of cold war to uni-polarity and the current phase of multi-polarity Acc to Fareed Zakaria, the world order is witnessing “decline of the west and rise of the rest.” Shivshankar Menon says the current world order is militarily uni-polar, economically multi-polar and politically confused. In this changing world order , India has a vision to get its rightful place in the comity of nations. India’s vision of a new world order: Thiruvalluvar- wisdom is to live in tune with the mode of the changing world. Shyam Saran in his book “How India sees the world”mentions India views itself as a part of Jambudeweep ( world island), which shows it believes in multi-polar world. India seeks an open architecture of international relations based...

Intro- Latin America and Caribbean(LAC) is regarded as last frontier of India’s foreign policy. LAC has featured only symbolically and sporadically in the history of India’s foreign policy. LAC has suffered the “out of sight, out of mind syndrome.” Cooperation: Economic commission of LAC says India and Latin america are new poles of growth. NAM, G77 co-op Energy, food security,pharma, IT, film industry.  With 62 crore population a per capita income of $8000 , Latin American has potential to offer huge market for India’s exports Latin America has potential to diversify India’s energy imports as it has 20% of global crude oil resources. Major partners of India- Brazil, Mexico—>hence need for India to diversify its bilateral engagements. India’s preferential trade agreements with Chile and MERCOSUR (Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay, Paraguay and Venezuela) have given boost to the two- way trade. India is presently negotiating a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with Mexico and Peru. Peru and Gu...

Intro: Foreign policy of a country is a statement of what it stands for and the role that it takes upon itself and projects to the world- J N Dixit Geography Any country’s foreign policy is determined by its geography- Napolean Mahan- Mackinder debate Himalayas Neighbours- statement of ABV India’s strategic position in Indian ocean- Mahan As a link between central Asia, south east Asia and west Asia-Makinder Economy- Initially India had five year plans and hence close relationship with USSR Dependence on crude oil is major reason for India's look west policy Core and periphery by world systems theory Strong economy is a prerequisite for a strong military Bilateral and multilateral trade deals WTO, IMF, world bank policies Globalization has increased interdependence India has large workforce and raw materials to export, an open FDI policy, good ease of doing business Federalism Khalistan West Bengal teesta issue Tamil Nadu- Sri lanka issue Nehru said foreign policy is the extension ...

India is already known as pharmacy of the world. It is the largest producer of generic medicines, accounting for  20 percent of their global production . It meets  62 percent of the global demand for vaccines . Since the coronavirus pandemic began, the country has been at the forefront of supplying medicines and generic drugs to others. India received requests from more than 100 countries for hydroxychloroquine Every box of vaccine has the phrase- sarve santu niramaya: Let no one suffer from disease India sent millions of doses to neighboring Nepal, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. Helps counter growing Chinese influence in the south Asian neighbourhood. increased India's soft power and helped reinforce Indian ideal of vasudhev kutumbakam and sarve bhavantu niramaya. So far(March,2021), New Delhi has managed to  ship  nearly 58 million doses around the world to 72 countries India has also supplied vaccines for WHO’s Covax alliance to make affordable vaccines available in Af...

Intro: From Mediterranean to Indian ocean, only two countries hold an impeccable record of being a democracy, India and Israel. Context: India wanted a federal Palestine in 1947 and a not a full fledged state of Israel. Infact India voted against admitting Israel in UN in 1948( the only time when India has voted against entry of any country in the UN) Subsequent support to Pakistan from Arab nations made India to recognize Israel in 1950. From 1950 to 1992 “the time is not right” attitude delayed the establishment of formal diplomatic relations with Israel. embassies were opened in 1992 with full establishment of diplomatic relations . Initially it was said India was trying to be more Catholic than the Pope Ties were upgraded to strategic partnership in 2017. Analytical points: Robert Putnam’s two level game theory wherein India also takes into account the interests of its large minority population when negotiating with Israel and Palestine India’s policy with Israel has two pronged ap...

  Current Affairs  Important Newspaper Highlights for UPSC Civil Services Examination. 29 July 2022 The HINDU   🟠 (Page 1): There has never been a better time for sports in India: Modi. 🟢 (Page 6): What numbers do not reveal about tiger conservation. 🟠 (Page 6): Narrow view. 🟢 (Page 15): Colombo denies reports on Chinese ship.  🟠 (Page 16): Govt. worry about teen pregnancies. The Indian EXPRESS 🟢 (Page 7): Election Commission allows 17-year-olds to register in advance for voters’ list enrolment 🟠 (Page 10): Throwing good money 🟢 (Page 11): Making engineering great again 🟠 (Page 13): Markets rising, should you invest for short-term gains? 🟢 (Page 13): Markets rising, should you invest for short-term gains? 🟠 (Page 13): What is Google Street View and why has it launched in India now? 🟢 (Page 13): Fed Reserve rate hike, US recession and impact on India 🟠 (Page 17): Behind booster dose for BSNL  

Intro:  INDIA’S ties with Central Asia can be traced back to the ancient Silk Road, along which goods, people, and ideas flowed. The region is part of Mackinder’s heartland and Forms part of India’s extended neighbourhood. Context: Geography has placed Central Asia at the nexus of crucial political and economic transformations for centuries. With the actualization of the BRI, India’s Connect Central Asia policy, and the EU’s new Central Asia strategy, the 21st century could possibly be the most decisive period for the region. Importance of Central Asia  Heart of Asia  Place for Great Games Russia - Strategic Backyard USA - Greater Middle East  China - Far West  India’s extended neighbourhood  Cooperation- Economic- India-Central Asia Business council(ICABC) : comprises of FICCI and business councils of 5 CARs Cultural connect : Sufism from central Asia to India and Buddhism from India to central Asia All 5 CAR to be chief guest at republic day,2022 energy: ...