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Salient Features of Indian Federation

 

SALIENT FEATURES OF INDIAN FEDERATION 


 Introduction

  1. US= dual federalism, India= cooperative federalism
  2. dual federalism
    1. two governments are completely independent
  3. cooperative federalism
    1. principle of interdependence
    2. states dependent on union financially, union dependent on state to execute union's scheme
    3. hence India= 'executive federalism'
  4. Prof MP Singh: cooperative federalism is theory, bargaining federalism is reality
  5. Cooperative vs bargaining federalism
    1. characteristics of consultation, trust, cooperation. Modi: Team India
    2. centre acts as friend, philosopher, guide
  6. bargaining federalism
    1. centre acts as big bullying brother
    2. states at disadvantaged position
    3. regionalisation has increased bargaining power
  7. Modi's vision; Competitive cooperative federalism
  8. competitive: 
    1. neo-liberal idea based on 'minimum govt, maximum governance'
    2. policy to attract private investment
  9. Prof. Balbeer Arora: competitive federalism in Indian context is not suitable since different states are at different level.
  10. by abolishing Special Category Status of states, centre has acquired more discretionary power to bargain
  11. Prof MP Singh: Present govt has introduced 'spoils system'. (benefit your own supporter)
  12. india has asymmetrical federalism
    1. all states don't have same power. eg- representation in Rajya Sabha
    2. different provisions for different states. eg- art 371A for Nagaland
    3. some states have 5th schedule areas, some have 6th schedule areas
  13. Alfred Stepan: 
    1. India's asymmetrical model is demos-enabling
    2. US model is demos-constraining
    3. Indian model is more democratic since representation in RS is on the basis of population
    4. Indian model is better for developing countries
  14. US= coming together, centrifugal
  15. India= Holding together, centripetal. 


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