The circum-pacific zone, also known as the pacific ring of fire, is a horseshoe shaped region surrounding the Pacific Ocean. It includes the western coast of the Americas, off coast of east Asia and Pacific Ocean islands including Australia.
Geophysical Characteristics of circum-pacific zone:
1. The region is tectonically active and has interfaces of many major and minor plates like Eurasian, North-American, Cocos, Philippines, Nazca etc.
2. About 3/5th of global volcanic activity lies in the belt. Mt Krakatoa, Mt. Mauna Kea etc.
3. Coastal as well as deep sea earthquakes are very common here.
4. Presence of volcanic islands. E.g.: Hawaii
5. The region is highly disaster prone due to volcanoes, earthquakes and tsunamis.
6. Deep ocean features like trenches, sea mounts etc are also prominent.
7. Climate change has led to creation of hypoxic zones in the region.
Circum-Pacific zone presents diverse challenges in disaster management given the high-risk zone as well as high population density centres located in the belt.
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