Feminism

• Intro: Men make war because war make them men

• J Ann Tickner Points out that all the women have played key role in global politics, they are still on the periphery of power and this has been evident not only in the level of state but also in international system level
• Women are perceived only as complimentary to men both in their status and in their perception of the world
• Conventional security studies have generally looked at conflict from a top down or structural perspective, feminists have generally taken a bottom-up approach that is analyzing the impact of war at micro-level.
• Feminists have been particularly concerned with what goes on during wars, especially the impact of war on women and civilians more generally
• They have challenged the myth that wars are fought to protect women, children and others who are stereo-typically  viewed as “vulnerable”
• Feminists have brought issue such as war time rape and military prostitution onto the security agenda.
• Inspired by radical feminists, they argue that “personal is international “ which means the problems that women face must be discussed at global fora and solutions be found out.
• They have questioned the role of state as a security provider, suggesting that in many of today’s wars states may actually be threatening to their own populations
• Feminist FP looks at women not just as victims but as agents of change
• 
  Cynthia Enloe- bananas, beaches and bases.
• Say role of women in IR is limited to being Wives of diplomats, organizing state dinners, workers in banana plantations, sex workers, etc
• 
  J Ann Tickner-
• work- gender in intl relations.
• A Critic of Morgenthau.
• Rather than state security human security is more important
• National interest is a multi dimensional concept
• Power is not just a coercion but also constructive dimension ie empowerment
• If we ignore ethics humanity cannot survive
• Separation from ethics and politics gives excuse to politicians from taking-moral responsibilities of their action
• Saying international politics is autonomous of ethics is taking very narrow view of international politics

• Since the end of Cold War feminist perspectives on world politics have been increasingly recognized. The recognition becomes obvious after the event passed a number of key resolutions including Security Council resolution 1325 to maintain gender perspectives in all fields and urging member states to increase women’s participation in peace process and security decision-making. Thus though partially successful till now, this provided an important discourse that international politics  is not exclusively men’s business