Separation of Power

Separation of Power 

1. Thinkers 

   1. Montesquieu 

      1. France - 1700s 

      2. Strict SOP 

      3. The Spirit of the Laws 

   2. Blackstone - Inde of Judic 

      1. When 2 pillars are almost the same, the 3rd pillar needs to be inde & strong enough 

   3. US Constitution 

      1. Madison & Jefferson 

      2. Concentration of power = despotic govt = tyranny 

   4. Myers v. US 

      1. The purpose of SOP is not to eliminate friction but to preven autocracy by means of inevitable friction 

2. Art 50A - Compulsory SOP - rejected by the Constituent Assembly 

   1. Instead Art 50 - Exe & Jud 

3. Wade & Forsyth 

   1. Exclusivity - Same person should not form part of more than 1 organ 

   2. Functional - 1 Organ should not exercise func of other 

   3. Mutuality - should not interfere with other 

   4. Checks & Balance 

4. India 

   1. Ram Jawaya Kapoor 

   2. Indira Gandhi 

   3. Keshavananda Bharti 

   4. Minerva Mills 

   5. IR Coelho 

5. Quotes 

   1. If men were angels, no govt would be needed. If angels were to govern us, no need for control on the govt. But where man governs man, you must first enable govt to contol the governed and then oblige it to control itself. - Medison. 

   2. Separateness but inter-dependance; autonomy but reciprocity 

 

Executive Defintion 

1. Garner -  

   1. Leg - Expression of the will of the state  

   2. Exe - execution of will of the state 

   3. To declare what is law is judicial power; to declare what law shall be is legislative. 

2. Halsbury - residue function of sta 

3. Ram Jawaya Kapoor