Class Notes 4 You

1. Directive Principles of State Policy.  2. Rural and Urban Local Bodies.  3. Fifth Schedule  4. Sixth Schedule  5. Seventh Schedule  Select the correct answer using the codes given below:  a) 1 and 2 only  b) 3, 4 and 5 only  c) 1, 2 and 5 only  d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5  Solution:  All the above provisions of the Constitution of India, have a bearing on Education.  Directive Principles of State Policy - Article 45: To provide early childhood care and education for all children until they complete the age of six years. 86th Amendment changed the subject-matter of Article 45 and made elementary education a fundamental right under Article 21 A.  Rural and Urban Local Bodies – Education is one of the subject matters under Schedules XI and XII. It empowers local bodies to take steps to improve educational standards in their regions. Fifth and Sixth Schedule – The Fifth and Sixth Schedule of the constitution provide protection to t...

a) An agency for widening the scope of parliamentary democracy   b) An agency for strengthening the structure of federalism  c) An agency for facilitating political stability and economic growth  d) An Agency for the implementation of public policy  Solution:  Bureaucracy is the executive arm of the government.  In traditional classical literature on organs of government, one studied the legislature, the executive and the judiciary with bureaucracy being subsumed under the executive (which comprises the political establishment and the bureaucracy).  Now, one finds that bureaucracy is being treated separately and this is indicative of its growing importance. Bureaucracy refers to an administrative policy implementation group, which is a body of non elected government officials.  The major objective of bureaucracy in India has not been Parliamentary democracy’s expansion but rather the implementation of the decisions taken by the executive. Wit...

a) Liberty of thought  b) Economic liberty  c) Liberty of expression  d) Liberty of belief  Solution:  The text of the Preamble of the Constitution of India read as - WE, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA, having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a SOVEREIGN SOCIALIST SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC and to secure to all its citizens: JUSTICE, social, economic and political; LIBERTY of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship; EQUALITY of status and of opportunity; and to promote among them all FRATERNITY assuring the dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the Nation; IN OUR CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY this twenty-sixth day of November, 1949, do HEREBY ADOPT, ENACT AND GIVE TO OURSELVES THIS CONSTITUTION. Thus, Preamble to the Constitution of India embodies liberty of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship but not economic liberty. Ans: (b)

a) Second Schedule  b) Fifth Schedule  c) Eighth Schedule d) Tenth Schedule  Solution:  The Tenth Schedule of the Indian Constitution popularly referred to as the 'Anti-Defection Law' was inserted by the 52nd Amendment (1985) to the Constitution. It was formulated to bring stability in the Indian political system. The Tenth Schedule of the Constitution (which embodies the anti-defection law) is designed to prevent the evil or mischief of political defections motivated by the lure of office or material benefits or other similar considerations. It is intended to strengthen the fabric of Indian parliamentary democracy by curbing unprincipled and unethical political defections Ans: (d)

1. Preamble  2. Directive Principles of State Policy  3. Fundamental Duties  Select the correct answer using the code given below:  a) 1 and 2 only  b) 2 only  c) 1 and 3 only  d) 1, 2 and 3  Solution :  Articles under Universal Declaration of Human Rights: Articles 1 and 2 reaffirms human dignity, equality and brotherhood. Articles 3-11 are the rights of the individual: the right to life, outlawing of slavery or torture, equality before the law, the right to a fair trial etc. Articles 12-17 includes freedom of movement, the right to a nationality, the right to marry and found a family, as well as the right to own property. Articles 18-21 are the spiritual and religious rights of individuals, such as freedom of thought and conscience (religion), the right to your own opinion, the right to peaceful assembly and association, and the right to vote and take part in government. Articles 22-27 includes the right to work, the right to rest and leisu...

a) the Preamble and the Fundamental Rights  b) the Preamble and the Directive Principles of State Policy  c) the Fundamental Rights and the Directive Rights and the Directive Principles of State Policy  d) None of the above   Solution:  Economic justice denotes the non-discrimination between people on the basis of economic factors. It involves the elimination of glaring inequalities in wealth, income and property. A combination of social justice and economic justice denotes what is known as ‘distributive justice’. The term ‘justice’ in the Preamble embraces three distinct forms—social, economic and political, secured through various provisions of Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles. The concept of Economic Justice is also mentioned under the Directive Principles of State Policy. Article 39 says that the State shall, in particular, direct its policy towards securing—  (a) that the citizens, men and women equally, have the right to an adequate me...

1. Limitation of Powers  2. Equality before law  3. People's responsibility to the Government  4. Liberty and civil rights  Select the correct answer using the code given below:  a) 1 and 3 only  b) 2 and 4 only  c) 1, 2 and 4 only  d) 1, 2, 3 and 4 Solution:  In order to understand the concept of rule of law, it is to be comprehended that the state is governed not by the ruler or the nominated representatives of the people but by the law.  The term ‘Rule of Law’ is nowhere defined in the Indian Constitution but this term is often used by the Indian judiciary in their judgments.  Rule of law has been declared by the Supreme Court as one of the basic features of the Constitution so it cannot be amended even by the constitutional amendment.  Rule of law is seen as an integral part of good governance. The “Rule of Law” is a principle of governance which implies that the creation of laws, their enforcement, and the relationships am...