Class Notes 4 You

The views of Hobbes, the exponent of social agreement, are individualistic. The one who gave all of the atoms to the person, that is, the ideas of Halas are based on physics, geometry and psychology. Hobbes wrote in his book Leviathan that all power should rest with the king.Due to which his thoughts are seen as supporters of dictatorship and autocracy. Commenting on the views of Hobbes, McPherson said that the views of Hobbes are possessive individualists. Because Hobbes has talked about giving all the powers in the hands of one person. McPherson said that Hobbes's ideas are influenced by markets and he is also a supporter of markets.  Because he talks about protecting the interests of the capitalists. If the state is powerful then it must be a supporter of capitalism. McPherson writes in his famous work "The Political Theory of Passive individualism" that Hayes is a supporter of the powerful state and the sovereign state. According to Hobbes, only a powerful and despo...

Machiavelli has given his theory of statecraft in his book The Prince which is known as the best book written on the subject of statecraft. Statecraft means the art of management of power. Machiavelli's book is influenced by the life of Caesar Borgia who is the hero of Machiavelli's book The Prince.  His book is addressed to Lorenzo II. "The Prince establishes the tradition of political realism.  According to Machiavelli, in order to make successful policies, it is Necessary that such policies should be based" Man is depicted as materialist He is concerned with improvement of his present life. He was the first person to suggest a real understanding of human nature. One who is concerned with ought ‘What ought to be and neglects what is', 'what ought to be is bound to fail. Machiavelli establishes a definite link between individual psychology and the nature of political institutions. Thus, Machiavelli should also be treated as Forerunner of the school of behav...

Aristotle considers equality with equals and unequal treatment with unequal to be synonymous with equality. According to Aristotle, the desire for equality is the root cause of revolution. According to them, the rich class hates the poor, while the poor class has a sense of hatred towards the rich. Aristotle's idea of equality appears to be related to practical experien ofces. Apart from the natural disparity, they also rationalize the inequality prevailing among the individuals in the society at the practical level. Aristotle described slaves as having zero conscience and women as having low conscience. They talk about determining the distribution of posts, services and goods in the society by the distributive method in proportion to the contribution made by the individual to the society. Aristotle also expressed his views on equality and disparity on the basis of biological facts. Explaining the justification of slavery, Aristotle said that the way the body has inseparable and h...

Machiavelli is given the noun of the first modern thoughts because his thoughts are based on practical method and not on medieval method. Machiavelli in his great work Prince said that the ruler means the prince should be free from fear. He should have the courage of a lion and the agility of a fox. When the qualities of both a lion and a fox are present in a prince, then only he can rule. Just as the lion is determined to protect itself from other animals, but it does not have the skills to cut the net. Similarly, the fox is skilled in cutting nets but cannot protect itself from the wolf. According to Machiavelli, the ruler should have fox-like qualities to protect from factions and lionlike qualities in times of revolution, war, violence. According to Sabine, her views were more influenced by her times and situation. Because the fragmentation of Italy is one of the important events of his period. Dunning has also termed Machiavelli as his infant, which was the result of his circumsta...

Biodiversity: Concept and Facts 1) Services Provided by Biodiversity 2) Threats to the biodiversity 3) Pollinating agents 4) Adverse effects of fall in the population of species of butterflies 5) Biopiracy 6) Nitrogen-fixing plants 7) Biofertilizers and examples 8) Cultivators of fungi 9) Gadgil Committee Report 10) Kasturirangan Committee Report 11) M-STrIPES 12) National Aquatic Animal 13) Herbivores turtle species 14) Herbivores marine mammal 15) Herbivores fish species 16) Viviparous snake 17) Filter feeder and examples 18) Aflatoxins 19) Protected Areas are located in Cauvery basin 20) Living root bridges 21) Declining Vultures population 22) Biodiversity in Coral reefs 23) Biosphere reserves 24) Botanical gardens 25) National parks 26) Wildlife sanctuaries 27) Wetlands declared under Ramsar Convention – Significance 28) Tiger Reserves – recently declared 29) Eco-Sensitive Zones 30) Red Data Books 31) Critical 'tiger' habitats (CTHs) 32) Critical Wildlife Habitat 33...

 

Republic as the implementation of idea of Justice .Justice has been described as the first virtue of a society, by Rawls.It is the most fundamental basis on which the edifice of every state is built. A State can continue so long as people consider it just. The importance of the theory of justice in Plato’s work can be seen as even the subtitle of the masterpiece. ‘The Republic’ is ‘Concerning Justice’. Justice is the main ideal that Plato aspires for, because it signifies stability and has external character, and goes about incorporating it in his Republic. The main concern of Plato was to create Athens as an ideal State. For Plato, the State was the ideal, of which justice was the reality. The methodology used by Plato to arrive at this was dialectics. Through his book Republic written in the form of a dialogue. Plato arrived at some observations. Justice was not simply doing your duty, but also a source of virtue. Moreover, it was better to be just than to be unjust. Plato believed...